Tugas soft skill 2
Bab 2 . Command and Request
Definisi : command adalah perintah atau yang disebut dengan kalimat perintah. Sedangkan request adalah permintaan atau permohonan. Untuk memerintah atau melakukan permintaan kita biasanya membuat kalimat – kalimat yang disebut dengan command and request.
Pengertian : Command adalah suatu kalimat yang digunakan untuk memerintahkan sesuatu atau kalimat perintah. Command di bagi menjadi dua bagian yaitu : Positive command dan Negative command. Kalimat perintah ( commands ) sering menggunakan kata Told atau Ordered. Biasanya kalimat perintah ini digunakan disaat waktu – waktu yang mendesak dan sangat penting, sehingga banyak orang – orang menggunakan kalimat perintah ini untuk memberikan perintah kepada siapa pun yang ingin ia perintahkan. Command and request adalah perintah atau permintaan atau permohonan langsung untuk kata ganti orang kedua.
“kata-kata” suruhan itu ditambah dengan “lah” dan di akhiri dengan tanda seru(!) seumpama “Makanlah!” atau “Pergilah!”. Karena didalam bahasa inggris kata “lah” tidak ada , jadi kalau kita hendak menyuruh seseorang untuk mengerjakan sesuatu, hanya verb saja yang diletakan didepan kalimat maka dengan sendirinya sudah bertambah arti ‘lah” dalam kalimat tersebut.
Commands expressed by the imperative.
A. The second person imperative
- This has the same from as the bare infinitive :
Hurry! Open the door.
For the negative, we put do not (don`t) before the verb:
Don`t hurry! Don`t open the door.
- The person addressed is very often not mentioned, but can be expressed by a noun
Placed at the end of the phrase:
Eat your dinner, boys. Be quite, Tom.
These nouns can be placed before the verb, but this is much less usual.
B. The first person imperative
From: let us (let`s) + bare infinitive
Let us stand together in this emergency.
For the negative we normally put not before the infinitive:
Let us not be alarmed by rumours.
COMMAND
Command di bagi menjadi dua bagian yaitu:
1. positive command.
2. negative command.
Pada umumnya Reporting Verb (Kata Kerja Yang Melaporkan) menggunakan kata kerja: ask (meminta), tell(berkata), beg (meminta). Sedangakan pada kalimat tak langsung diikuti to infinitive (kata kerja dasar) atau antara reporting verb dengan reported Word dihubungkan oleh “to(untuk)”, misalnya :
A : Rio told him,”pay attention to what I bring”.
B : Rio told him to pay attention to what he said.
1. Positive Command.
Dalam perintah positive kita tambahkan to di depan kalimat perintahnya,sebagai penghubung antara kalimat pengantar dan perintah yang di laporkan. kalimat-kalimat pengantar dalam jenis ini ialah:
He asked me] to + infinitive
He told me ]
a. He asked me: Open your book.
b. he asked me to open my book.
a. Anton told me: stop talking to jane.
b. Anton told me to stop talking to jane.
a. Father asked fery : pay attention to what I say.
b. Father asked to fery to pay attention to what he says.
a. Yudi told anty : wait until I come
b. Yudi told anty to wait until he comes.
2. Negative Command.
Dalam perintah negative kita tambahkan not to di depan perintah yang dilaporkan. Kalimat perintah tambahan dalam jenis ini ialah :
a. Susan told joni : don’t wait for me
b. Susan told joni not to wait for her.
a. I told him : don’t mention it to anyone
b. I told him not to mention it to anyone
a. Mother asked her : don’t go there alone
b. Mother told her not to go there alone
a. Ari asked Tom :don’t come to my house again
b. Ari asked Tom not to come to her house again
REQUEST
Expressions for request
You are expecting a very important visitor from Canada. You are ringing him to find out exactly when he will arrive.
formal
a. would you be so kind as to come to Indonesia?
b. would you….., please?
c. Would you mind… please?
d. Would it be possible for you to come to Indonesia?
Informal
a. any chance of ….?
b. Can you took a book from the cupboard ?
c. …..,please?
Expressions for acceptance request
Your friend asks you to come and watch a game. Would you like to come and watch a game of cricket with me ?
Formal
a. I should be delighted to come
b. By all means
c. I have no objection
Informal
a. sure
b. yeah
c. ok
d. no problem
Expressions for refusal request
Three people invite her out for three days. She can’t go, what does she say :
Formal
a. I regret to say that we find ourselves unable to go
b. I’m afraid it’s not possible
c. I’m afraid not
Informal
a. sorry…
b. no, I (certainly) won’t
c. not likely!
d. You must be joking!
Catatan :
1. May I borrow your friend’s bicycle?
2. Could we go to stay in your house ?
3. Can I sing in the party?
4. May I have own room ?
5. Can I be an actress?
Sumber : Practical complete English Grammar, M J Ladu, april 2008, Titik Terang
Bahasa inggris 2, Ichwan Suyudi dan Sri Widiati, desember 1995, Gunadarma
English in context senior high school, Rachmat kurnia, Edi marsongko,dkk, 2005 Grafindo
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