tugas soft skill 1

Tugas Soft skill 1

Bab 1 . Adverbial Clauses

Definisi : Anak kalimat yang menerangkan kata kerja.

Pengertian :

Adverbial Clause adalah anak kalimat  yang berfungsi sebagai Adverb atau yang berisi kata keterangan,yakni menerangkan kata kerja. Adverbial Clause biasanya diklasifikasikan berdasarkan arti atau maksud dari Conjuction (kata penghubung yang mendahuluinya). Jenis – jenis Adverbial Clause antara lain :

1. Clause of  Time

Clause yang menunjukan waktu, biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjuction( kata penghubung) seperti after,before, no sooner, while, as.     

  Contoh :

• Shut the door before you go out.
• While she was walking school, she saw an accident.
• No sooner had she entered than he gave an order.

2. Clause of  Place

Clause yang menunjukan tempat, biasanya dibuat dengan menggunakan conjuction seperti where, nowhere, anywhere,wherever.

  Contoh :

§  Go where you like.

§  We sat down wherever they could find empty seats

§  Where there is poverty, there we find discontent and unrest.

    

3. Clause of  Contrast

Clause yang menunjukan adanya pertentangan antara dua kejadian atau peristiwa yang saling berhubungan. Seperti although, though, even though, whereas, even if, in spite of, as time.

Contoh :

§  As the time you were sleeping, we were working hard

§  He is very friendly, even if he is a clever student.

§  Although it is late, we’ll stay a little longer.

   

4. Clause of  Manner

Clause yang menunjukan bagaimana pekerjaan dilakukan atau peristiwa terjadi. Seperti as, how, like, in that.

Contoh :

• She did as I told her
• You may finish it how you like

5. Clause of  Purpose and Result

Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan maksud atau tujuan dan hasil. Seperti so that, in the hope that, to the end that, lest, in case

Contoh :

§  They went to the movie early in order to find the best seats.

§  I am working night and day in the hope that I can finish this book soon.

§  Maria bought a book so that she could learn English

6. Clause of  Cause and effect

Clause yang menunjukkan hubungan sebab akibat. Ada beberapa pola membentuk Clause jenis ini.

Contoh :

§  Bayu ran so fast that he broke the previous speed record

§  It was so cold yesterday that I didn’t want to swim

§  They are such beautiful pictures that everybody will want one.

Disamping itu, untuk mengungkapkan hubungan clause dan effect dapat digunakan pola lain :

1. Menggunakan Preposition ( kata depan ) seperti because of, due to, due to the fact that.

Contoh :

§  Because of the cold weather, we stayed home.

( =  We stayed home because of the cold weather)

2. Menggunakan kata penghubung seperti because, since, now, that, as, as long as,

Contoh :

§  Because he was sleepy, he went to bed

§  Since she is not interested in classical music, she decided not to go to the concert.

3. Menggunakan transition words seperti therefore, consequently

Contoh :

§  Erwin didn’t study. Therefore, he failed the test

§  Erwin didn’t study. Consequently, he failed the test.

Catatan :

Beberapa Adverb Clause dapat diubah menjadi modifying pharases dengan cara :

1. menghilangkan subjek dari dependent Clauses dan verb (be)

      contoh :

a. Adverb Clause  : While I was walking to class, I ran into an old friend

b. Modifying Phrase : While walking to class, I ran into an old friend.

     2.  jika dalam Adverb Clause tidak ada be, hilangkan subjek dan ubahlah verb dalam  Adverb clause itu menjadi bentuk – ing.

           Contoh :

a.       Adverb clause : Before I left for work, I ate breakfast

b.      Modifying phrase : Before leaving for work, I ate breakfast.

7. Clause of  Condition

Clause yang menunjukkan adanya persyaratan antara dua kejadian ( peristiwa) yang berhubungan. Seperti if, even if, suppose (that) , on condition that, providing that, dan lain-lain.

Contoh :

§  If I see him, I will infite him to the party tomorrow.

§  Suppose (that) your house burns down, do you have enough insurance to cover such a loss.

§  The company will agree to arbitration on condition ( that) the strike is called off at once.

 Most types of adverbial clause are considered as modifying the verb of the main clause. The following are the examples of adverbial clauses.

ADVERBIAL CLAUSE

Type of clause                 :             1. Time

Subordinate conjunction : When  →  I can see you when I finish my work .

While  →  she was reading a book while the dinner was                 cooking.

                                   Before →  They will leave before you get here

                                           

      2. Place 

                   Where → we live where the road crosses the rivers.

                  Wherever → wherever possible, the illus trations are    taken    from literature.

     3. Cause

                    Because → he could not come becauses (or since, as) he   was ill.

                   Since

                   As

     4. Condition

                    If            → if it rains, we won’t have the picnic.

                   Uncless → we won’t have picnic uncless the weather good

                                                   5. Contrast    

      Although → although (or though) I felt very tired, I tried  to finish the work   

                  Though

                                                   6. Purpose 

                  That → they climbeb higher that (or so that) they might get a better view.

                                                  

                                                   7. Manner

                   as if → he looks as if he needs more sleeps

                               

                                as though he left the room as though angry.

Sumber : English in Context, Wahyu Sundayana, Agustin Hartati dkk. Penerbit Grafindo dan Bahasa Inggris 2 , ichwan suyudi dan Sri Widiati. Penerbit Gunadarma.